Lithium-ion batteries operate based on the movement of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. Although this process should theoretically continue indefinitely, factors such as cyclical use, high temperatures, and aging result in a gradual decrease in battery capacity.
Each time a battery is charged and discharged, it undergoes a cycle. Over time, these cycles lead to capacity loss. A complete discharge (100% DoD) can drastically shorten the battery’s lifespan. Therefore, avoiding complete discharges and more frequent charging at partial discharges (e.g., 20% DoD) is a key strategy to extend battery life. A Cadex laboratory study showed that Li-ion batteries that were only partially discharged lasted significantly longer than those that were fully discharged.
Exposure to high temperatures accelerates chemical reactions within the battery, leading to faster degradation. For instance, a battery consistently kept at 40°C can lose up to 35% of its capacity after one year, while the same battery at 25°C would lose only about 20%. This underscores the importance of temperature management in extending the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries. For business applications, it is crucial to store batteries in a cool place and minimize use in hot environments.
Constantly charging a battery to its maximum voltage can also shorten its lifespan. Most Li-ion batteries are charged to 4.2V per cell to achieve maximum capacity, but it has been proven that a lower charging voltage extends battery life. By reducing the charging voltage to, for example, 4.0V per cell, the battery’s lifespan can be doubled, albeit at the expense of total capacity. This principle is already applied in certain industrial applications such as satellites and electric vehicles, where the focus is on longevity rather than maximum capacity.
Regardless of use, the performance of lithium-ion batteries declines over time due to internal chemical processes. This natural aging process can be slowed by storing batteries under optimal conditions, such as in a cool, dry place and at a partial charge (about 40-60% of capacity).
Fortunately, there are several strategies that business users can employ to extend the lifespan of their lithium-ion batteries. Firstly, it is important to adopt proper charging and discharging practices. Avoid full discharges and charge the battery more frequently at partial discharges. This reduces stress on the battery and extends its life.
Temperature management is also crucial. Store batteries in a cool, dry place and avoid use in high temperatures. For applications in hot environments, considering cooling systems can help regulate the temperature and protect the battery.
Elfa Elementenfabriek offers various advanced technologies and products that help manage and extend the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries. This includes advanced battery management systems and specially designed chargers that can adjust the voltage to reduce voltage-related stress. These systems can automatically select the optimal charging and discharging levels and monitor the battery’s temperature to ensure it remains within safe limits.
For various sectors, there are specific recommendations to optimize battery lifespan.
In the medical sector, it is crucial for batteries to perform reliably and long-term. Use batteries with high cycle capacity and ensure regular maintenance and calibration. Medical devices are often used continuously, making it important to manage charge cycles carefully and avoid fully discharging batteries.
Industrial applications require robust and reliable batteries that can withstand harsh conditions. Implement battery management systems that optimize charge and discharge cycles and regulate battery temperature. This not only helps extend battery lifespan but also improves overall equipment performance.
In the transport sector, such as in electric vehicles and railways, it is essential to properly insulate batteries against extreme temperatures and use efficient charging systems. Good insulation and temperature regulation can help minimize the impact of environmental factors on the batteries, thereby extending their lifespan and improving vehicle reliability.
By paying attention to the factors that contribute to the aging of lithium-ion batteries and using the right technologies and products, business users can significantly extend the lifespan of their batteries. Elfa Elementenfabriek offers various solutions to support this process, ensuring that your investments in battery technology are fully utilized. By following the above-mentioned advice, companies can not only save costs but also contribute to a more sustainable future.
Elfa offers high-quality batteries and lighting solutions, specifically tailored to your business needs. With over 100 years of experience, we provide customized solutions and standard products that ensure optimal performance and reliability. Our experts are ready to advise and support you in choosing the right technology, so your systems operate efficiently and sustainably.
Contact us today and discover how Elfa can strengthen your business.
Elfa Amsterdam
Madridstraat 5-7
1175 RK Amsterdam (Lijnden)
+31 (0)20 643 69 72
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Elfa Erp
Molentiend 10
5469 EK Erp, (Noord-Brabant)
+31 (0)413 212 222
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